AI Glossary
Your comprehensive guide to understanding the key terms in the field of artificial intelligence.
A
Algorithm | خوارزمية
A set of specific instructions or rules followed by a computer to solve a problem or accomplish a task.
Artificial Intelligence (AI) | الذكاء الاصطناعي
The ability of machines to mimic human intelligence and perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Artificial General Intelligence (AGI) | الذكاء الاصطناعي العام
An AI that can perform any intellectual task that a human can do.
Artificial Super Intelligence (ASI) | الذكاء الاصطناعي الفائق
An AI that surpasses human intelligence in all fields.
Automation | الأتمتة
The use of technology to perform tasks without human intervention.
B
Backpropagation | الانتشار العكسي
A method for training neural networks by calculating errors and adjusting weights.
Bias | التحيز
A deviation in AI results due to unbalanced training data or unfair design.
Big Data | البيانات الضخمة
Very large datasets that cannot be processed using traditional methods.
Bot | روبوت برمجي
A program that performs automated tasks, often to interact with users.
C
Chatbot | روبوت الدردشة
A program that simulates human conversation to respond to user inquiries.
Classification | التصنيف
A machine learning technique that categorizes data into predefined classes.
Clustering | التجميع
An unsupervised learning technique that groups similar data together.
Computer Vision | الرؤية الحاسوبية
The ability of a computer to "see" and understand images and videos.
Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) | شبكة عصبية التفافية
A type of neural network designed for processing images.
D
Data | البيانات
The raw information used by AI to learn.
Data Mining | تنقيب البيانات
Extracting useful information from large datasets.
Dataset | مجموعة البيانات
An organized collection of data used to train or test AI models.
Deep Learning | التعلم العميق
A branch of machine learning that uses multi-layered neural networks.
Deep Fake | التزييف العميق
Using AI to create realistic fake content.
E
Epoch | دورة
One complete pass of all the training data through the model.
Expert System | نظام خبير
A program that simulates the decisions of a human expert in a specific field.
Explainable AI (XAI) | الذكاء الاصطناعي المفسر
AI that can explain how and why it made its decisions.
F
Feature | ميزة
A property or characteristic in the data used by the model to make predictions.
Feature Extraction | استخراج الميزات
The process of identifying important characteristics from the data.
Federated Learning | التعلم الفيدرالي
Training AI models on distributed data without transferring it.
G
Generative AI | الذكاء الاصطناعي التوليدي
AI that can create new content (text, images, music).
GPU | وحدة معالجة الرسومات
A specialized processor used to accelerate AI model training.
GPT | المحول التوليدي المدرب مسبقاً
A large language model by OpenAI capable of generating text.
H
Hallucination | الهلوسة
When an AI model generates incorrect or fabricated information.
Hidden Layer | طبقة مخفية
The middle layers in a neural network between inputs and outputs.
Hyperparameter | معامل فائق
A setting determined before training that affects model performance.
I
Image Recognition | التعرف على الصور
The ability of AI to identify objects and people in images.
Inference | الاستدلال
Using a trained model to predict new outcomes.
Input | المدخلات
The data received by the model for processing.
L
Label | تسمية
The tag or category associated with training data in supervised learning.
Large Language Model (LLM) | نموذج لغوي كبير
An AI model trained on massive amounts of text.
LiDAR | ليدار
A laser sensing technology used in self-driving cars.
M
Machine Learning (ML) | التعلم الآلي
A branch of AI that enables machines to learn from data.
Model | نموذج
A program trained to perform a specific task.
Multimodal AI | الذكاء الاصطناعي متعدد الوسائط
AI that can understand and process multiple types of data (text, images, audio).
N
Narrow AI | الذكاء الاصطناعي الضيق
AI designed for a specific task only (like image recognition).
Natural Language Processing (NLP) | معالجة اللغة الطبيعية
The ability of machines to understand and process human language.
Neural Network | شبكة عصبية
A computational model inspired by the human brain.
Neuron | عصبون
The basic unit in a neural network.
O
Object Detection | اكتشاف الأشياء
Identifying the location and type of objects in an image.
Optimization | التحسين
The process of improving model performance by adjusting parameters.
Output | المخرجات
The results produced by the model after processing.
Overfitting | الإفراط في التكيف
When a model learns the training data too well but fails with new data.
P
Pattern Recognition | التعرف على الأنماط
The ability of AI to detect patterns in data.
Prediction | التنبؤ
Using the model to forecast future outcomes.
Pre-training | التدريب المسبق
Training a model on general data before fine-tuning it for a specific task.
Prompt | البرومبت / الأمر
The text or command given to an AI model.
Prompt Engineering | هندسة البرومبت
The art of crafting effective commands to get the best results from AI.
R
Recurrent Neural Network (RNN) | شبكة عصبية متكررة
A neural network designed to handle sequential data.
Regression | الانحدار
A machine learning technique that predicts continuous numerical values.
Reinforcement Learning | التعلم المعزز
A type of machine learning where an agent learns through trial and reward.
Robotics | الروبوتات
The use of programmed machines to perform tasks independently.
S
Self-Driving Car | سيارة ذاتية القيادة
A car that uses AI to drive without a human driver.
Sentiment Analysis | تحليل المشاعر
Determining emotions (positive, negative, neutral) in texts.
Speech Recognition | التعرف على الكلام
Converting spoken words into text.
Supervised Learning | التعلم المراقب
Machine learning using pre-labeled data.
T
Testing | الاختبار
Evaluating model performance on new data it hasn't seen before.
Text-to-Speech (TTS) | تحويل النص إلى كلام
A technology that converts written text into audible speech.
Token | رمز
A basic unit of text (word or part of it) processed by the model.
Training | التدريب
The process of teaching the model from data.
Transfer Learning | نقل التعلم
Using a model trained on one task to solve a similar task.
Transformer | المحول
A modern neural network architecture used in most large language models.
Turing Test | اختبار تورينج
A test to determine if a machine exhibits intelligent behavior indistinguishable from humans.
U
Underfitting | نقص التكيف
When a model is too simple and fails to learn patterns in the data.
Unsupervised Learning | التعلم غير المراقب
Machine learning using unlabeled data.
V
Validation | التحقق
Evaluating the model during training to ensure it doesn't overfit.
Virtual Assistant | مساعد افتراضي
An AI program that assists users (like Siri, Alexa).
W
Weight | الوزن
A numerical value in a neural network adjusted during training.
Common Symbols and Abbreviations
| الاختصار | الاسم الكامل | المعنى بالعربية |
|---|---|---|
| AI | Artificial Intelligence | الذكاء الاصطناعي |
| ML | Machine Learning | التعلم الآلي |
| DL | Deep Learning | التعلم العميق |
| NLP | Natural Language Processing | معالجة اللغة الطبيعية |
| CNN | Convolutional Neural Network | شبكة عصبية التفافية |
| RNN | Recurrent Neural Network | شبكة عصبية متكررة |
| GAN | Generative Adversarial Network | شبكة توليدية تنافسية |
| LLM | Large Language Model | نموذج لغوي كبير |
| AGI | Artificial General Intelligence | الذكاء الاصطناعي العام |
| ASI | Artificial Super Intelligence | الذكاء الاصطناعي الفائق |
| GPU | Graphics Processing Unit | وحدة معالجة الرسومات |
| API | Application Programming Interface | واجهة برمجة التطبيقات |
Learning Tips
- Don't memorize - Understand the concepts
- Use examples - Link terms to real-world applications
- Practice - Use terms in your conversations
- Review regularly - Reviewing reinforces information